Good Regulus "eclipse" & graze in s. USA, Sat. am Nov. 3

This was the last 1st-magnitude graze in the USA until at least June 2009

All known expeditions, in n.e. Utah, s.w. Missouri, s. cen. Tenn., Atlanta (actually, Conyers, GA) and w. of Savannah, GA, were successful

Updated: 2007 Nov. 5, 17h UT

The shadow swept from west to east.  Derek Breit (Martinez, Calif.) 
and Salvador Aguirre (near Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico) video taped 
the total occultation.  All known expeditions for the northern-limit 
graze whose narrow path crossed the USA from southern Orgeon to just 
s. of Savannah, GA (where the Sun's altitude at central graze was +3 
deg.) were successful, as noted briefly below:

n.e. Utah, Patrick Wiggins (paw@wirelessbeehive.com) led an 
expedition with at least 3 stations, from at least 2 of which video 
recordings were obtained.

s.w. Missouri, Bob Sandy (bobgraze@sbcglobal.net) led an expedition 
with at least 3 stations, from at least one of which a video 
recording was obtained.

near Pulaski, s. cen. Tenn., Scott Degenhardt (scottyd@charter.net) 
successfully video recorded the graze; unfortunately, nobody joined 
him to see the spectacle. 

From Conyers, a suburb of Atlanta, GA, Mike Kazmierczak 
(mike2007@beow.org) observed the graze.

From sites just n. of Lanier, GA, Wayne Warren (Greenbelt, MD), Bob 
Rose (Savannah), and I recorded the graze from 3 stations, two of 
them with video (one was a remote station that I ran using a 
Supercircuits PC33C color camera).  I tried to run two other 
stations, one remote and the other attended, but they used the 
sensitive PC164C cameras, and for both of them, the image was 
saturated and all contrast lost, with nothing obtained, when the sky 
brightened at sunrise.  I thought the camera's automatic gain would 
decrease the overall brightness enough to prevent saturation, but 
that didn't happen; those cameras just can't be used for daytime 
events.
_________________________

The prediction information below was last updated Nov. 2 at 19h UT.

     You have a chance to see the bright 1.4-mag. star Regulus (ZC 
1487) flash off and on repeatedly among mountains and craters near 
the north pole on the bright side of the 34% sunlit Moon between 
11:00 and 12:00 UT Nov. 3 from southern Oregon to eastern Georgia; 
see the path on the map on p. 75 of the Jan. issue of Sky and 
Telescope.  The first Astro Meteo (48h prognosis) forecast maps show 
good conditions with clear skies along the whole path across the USA 
except for a chance of clouds near I-25 in s.e. Wyoming. 

     Help us measure variations in the diameter of the Sun Saturday 
morning, Nov. 3rd, by mapping the topography along the northern edge 
of the Moon.  This information helps us analyze observations of 
Baily's beads that have been recorded during several total and 
annular solar eclipses observed during the last few decades.  The 
information can be obtained by observing a grazing eclipse (called 
"occultation" by astronomers) of Regulus from locations within a 
mile or two of its northern limit.  This is the last chance for 
observers in the USA to see a graze of a 1st-magnitude star until at 
least June 2009.  

     The path also passes north of Ogden, UT; just south of Laramie 
and Cheyenne, WY; near Emporia, KS; over s. Missouri, w. Tenn.,and 
n.e. Alabama; and over the southern suburbs of Atlanta, GA (just 
before sunrise there). Southwest of the mile-wide graze zone, a 
total occultation, can be seen, from the southern USA and Mexico 
before sunrise, and then in daylight from Central America, the 
Caribbean, and northern South America.  The event is described on 
page 70 of the November issue of Sky and Telescope.  That article 
has good maps of the event and a good moonview, but Harold Povenmire 
pointed out that the article says that the event will occur Sunday 
morning, when actually it will be Saturday morning, and Joe Rao 
notes that the Moon will be crescent, not gibbous as the article 
states, although it correctly shows the lunar crescent in the 
moonview.  Predictions of the occultation are also given for several 
dozen cities on a page of the main IOTA Web site, including a map 
showing the region of visibility, here.  The graze line is 
path #208 on p. 151 of the RASC Observer's Handbook for 2007 (those 
maps, as well as tabular details of the graze, are also here).  
The graze will last one to three minutes. Some more information is 
given in a link to a Web page by Joe Rao here). 
The 3rd Astro Meteo (24h prognosis) forecast still shows clear skies 
over the path across the whole USA, except for a patch of clouds 
over s.e. Wyoming.

You can zoom in on the path in great detail using the "ZC 1487 
(Regulus)" link on Brad Timerson's interactive graze map site here.  
The pre-set offset lines, +5.0 and -5.0 km, are too wide to define 
the narrow graze zone for this northern-limit event. Different 
values for the offsets can be specified by the user to define the 
graze zone, by consulting the predicted profile closest to their 
longitude, with profiles for 7 longitudes being given.  In general, 
-2.0 km can be used for the southern edge of the zone, while the 
northern edge of the zone would be +1.0 for long. 90 deg. W.; +0.5 
for other locations east of the Rockies; 0 for long. 120; and -0.4 
for long. 114 W.  But in addition, a correction needs to be made for 
the observer's height above sea level.  Multiply the height above 
sea level (converted to km; km = value in feet times 0.0003048) by 
0.26 to get the km south (negative) that the path should be shifted 
south.  For example, to specify the graze range for long. 114 deg. 
for an observer at 5000 feet elevation above sea level, the sea 
level graze range would be -0.4 and -2.0.  Then for the 5000 feet = 
1.52 km above sea level, the path shifts an additional 0.4 km (= 2.1 
x 1.52) south, so the offsets in this case  would be -0.8 and -2.4.  
Brad Timerson (btimerson@rochester.rr.com) can provide further help; 
he set up the Web site.  

      To determine when to observe, note your longitude; if you 
don't know it, you can click on the center of the interactive map 
described above and the lat. and long. of the point you click on is 
displayed at the bottom of the map.  Then click on "Times" on 
Timerson's site, and you'll see a list of coordinates in the graze 
path, including the Universal Times of central graze.  Subtract 3 
minutes from the central graze time for the time to start observing, 
and observe for 6 minutes from then, to be sure to include all the 
grazing contacts.
 
Expeditions for this event are being led by Robert Sandy in 
western Missouri (bobgraze@sbcglobal.net), by Patrick Wiggins in Utah 
(paw@wirelessbeehive.com), and by Scott Degenhardt
(scottyd@charter.net) in south-central Tenn., near Pulaski west of 
I-65 a little north of the Alabama border.  Mike Kazmierczak 
(mike2007@beow.org) might try the graze in the Atlanta, GA area, and 
Roger Venable (rjvmd@hughes.net) might try it in Georgia farther 
east.  

     We plan to observe the graze from sites near US 280 north of 
Lanier, Georgia, about 25 miles west of Savannah; observers in 
Georgia are welcome to join this effort.  We will meet at 6:45 am 
EDT on the east side of Little Creek Road just south of where it 
runs into US 280 north of Lanier; it is marked on the 2nd, 4th, 5th, 
and 6th slides of this Power Point file.  Let me know if you might 
be able to join our effort.  An alternate area could be along US 17 
southwest of Savannah, but that highway may be busy, not very 
suitable for setting up telescopes, and there are no alternatives 
nearby in that swampy area.  Then due to the path crossing part of 
Fort Stewart, there are no other accessible sites until those near 
Lanier.  We will be leaving the Washington, DC area about 4 pm EDT 
Friday Nov. 2; after that, I'll probably NOT be reachable via my 
home e-mail of dunham@starpower.net.  Unfortunately, I've lost my 
cell phone, so the only way to reach me will be via Wayne Warren's 
cell phone, 301-518-5754, since he will be with me during this trip 
except for 45 min. or so before the graze, when we go to our 
different stations.

     Several maps showing the path over parts of Tenn., Alabama, and 
Georgia are in the Power Point file mentioned above.  The individual 
maps, in case you have trouble with the Power Point file, are below, 
but they don't have the meeting place near Lanier, Ga. indicated 
like the versions of the maps in the Power Point file.  The graze 
zone is between the two gray lines; no occultation is likely at the 
northern limit line (the green line) since this is a relatively low 
area of the Moon

n. cen. Tenn. & n. cen. Alabama; Degenhardt's expedition will be near 
Pulaski, Tenn., near the upper left corner.  The path passes near 
Hazel Green, Ala., only about 20 mi. n. of Huntsville. 
path over Atlanta, Georgia
path over central Georgia
path over eastern Georgia
path over Lanier, GA area (map)
path over Lanier, GA area (aerial photo)
Lanier, GA meeting place detailed view
path over US 17, poor backup site s.w. of Savannah 

Brad Timerson has posted predicted profiles for selected longitudes 
along the graze path in the USA.  The profiles include appropriate 
previously-observed graze data points that define the actual profile 
more accurately than the smooth "Watts" profile. 

The graze will be an interesting spectacle to watch, but even better 
if you can time or video tape it; for information about timing, 
click here or read the IOTA online observing manual.  

     One sidereal month earlier, another graze of Regulus early in 
October was very successfully observed from England, Belgium, and 
Germany. 
_____________________________

2007 November 5, 17h UT
David Dunham, dunham@starpower.net, 301-474-4722
Office david.dunham@jhuapl.edu phone 240-228-5609
After 4 pm EDT Nov. 2, use only Wayne Warren's cell phone,
301-518-5754, since I lost mine (but found it again about an hour 
ago, so now you can use it, 301-526-5590).