Bright Interamnia Occultation Sat. Mar. 22/23, Hawaii & Japan

New: 2003 March 17
     On Saturday night, March 22/23 in Hawaii (early Sunday evening 
in central Japan), the 6.7-magnitude spectral type K0 star SAO 96908 
(= HIP 36189) in Canis Minor will be occulted by the large dark 
F-class asteroid (704) Interamnia.  The updated path is a little 
south of that shown on the map on pages 102-103 of the March issue 
of Sky and Telescope, and the astrometry is very good, so we are 
confident that all 8 major islands of Hawaii will be within the 
path.  Since it is the best asteroidal occultation this year in the 
U.S.A., I plan to try to observe the event myself from Maui, and 
want help from other possible observers on the island to time the 
event there (see below).  Similarly, Paul Maley, IOTA vice president 
from Houston, is planning to observe from Hawaii Island, and has 
already lined up help in the effort to cover the occultation from 
there.  The two islands cover different parts of the wide path, so 
observations from both will be needed to determine the size and 
shape of Interamnia.  If observations can also be made from Oahu 
and/or Kaui, that could extend the coverage a little farther north. 

     The occultation is predicted to last 66 seconds at the central 
line.  The star is at J2000 RA 7h 27m 09.1s, Dec +11 deg. 57' 18", 
about 3 deg. due north of beta Canis Minoris and about halfway 
between the 5th-mag. stars 1 and 6 Canis Minoris.  Finder charts, as 
well as the updated path data and maps, can be found at
http://www.asteroidoccultation.com.
The central occultation will occur at 10:01 UT (1 min. after 
midnight HST) from Kaui to Maui, and at 10:02 UT (12:02 am HST) on 
the island of Hawaii.  The altitude above the western horizon will 
be 31 deg. on Oahu and 28 deg. on Hawaii.  In east-central Japan 
(Tokyo near the southern limit), the occultation will occur at 9:42 
UT (March 23 UT) with the star over 60 deg. high, but observers 
there will need to locate the star quickly in darking evening 
twilight, with the Sun altitude -12 deg. on the east coast of 
Honshu.  The time error of the prediction is only 7 seconds, so you 
only need to observe for about 5 minutes centered on the time for 
your location, to cover the small possibility for occultations by 
any satellites of Interamnia.  The 1-sigma error in the path is only 
0.09 path-width (31 km = 19 miles).  With an estimated diameter of 
316 km (confirmed from another occultation, of a 9th-mag. star 
observed in the southwestern USA on 1996 Dec. 17; the outline from 
that event was almost 330 km in diameter), the path projects on the 
Earth's surface to a predicted width of 346 km (215 miles). 

     We want to deploy as many stations as possible across the path 
to obtain the best coverage and define the shape of Interamnia as 
well as possible.  Basic information about timing occultations can 
be found here.  We want to know where the occultation 
might be timed from fixed-site telescopes so that those of us with 
portable equipment can observe from locations to fill the coverage 
gaps.  The list of stations below will help with this, including 
several possible stations in Japan.  But I need help from Japanese 
observers to know from which locations observations will be 
attempted there; closer to the time of the event, we'll obtain an 
improved estimate of the weather both there and in Hawaii, which can 
also affect where the mobile observers might set up.  But there is 
not much room for maneuvering, especially on Maui.  Observations 
from Japan will be valuable especially near the limits of the path.

     I am not very familiar with the weather in the Hawaiian 
Islands and seek advice about it.  I'll start looking at the IR 
satellite images to see how things look at 10h UT the next few 
nights.  I suppose that the wind is generally from the east, so that 
the western sides of the islands are dryer and have less cloudiness 
than the eastern (or, for Maui, the northeastern) side.  I've seen 
some images with clouds at medium elevations, so maybe western 
coastal areas are better than a few miles inland?  If the low areas 
are forecast to be very cloudy, it should be possible to go to high 
elevations at Haleakala, but there's limited area there; I'd prefer 
the lower areas if possible.
 
     I will bring with me equipment for 4 stations, just telephoto 
lenses attached to sensitive video cameras on small tripods to 
record the occultation from 4 locations.  I can do this on my own, 
but it would be much easier if I can have some help; I can set these 
up, and if someone could just press a couple of buttons to turn the
equipment on at one or two of the stations, they could be separated 
farther from the others (I will be able on my own to spread out over 
only 10 to 15 road miles).  Even better would be to set up one or 
two of my cameras on telescopes already on Maui; the small cameras, 
which weigh only a few ounces, have adaptors to fit any 1.25-in. 
eyepiece holder.  Because of flight weight restrictions, I will not 
bring a telescope with me.  I will be arriving at Kahului airport at 
11 am on Saturday, March 22.  Any help on Maui that you can give 
will be greatly appreciated.  Similarly, Paul Maley has already 
organized observers on Hawaii, but he could always use more; if you 
are there and have not already contacted him, he's at 
pdmaley@yahoo.com .  He will be leaving Thursday morning, March 20, 
to go to Kona.  I will be leaving that afternoon, but will spend 
March 21 visiting my mother in Los Alamitos, Calif., phone 562-430-
2391.  I will have e-mail contact from there.  See the end of this 
message for my e-mail addresses and local (Maryland) phones.
________________________________________________ 

    Stations for the Interamnia occultation of 2003 March 22/23

    Below is a list of observer stations sorted by distance from 
Steve Preston's updated central line.  Distances are given in km
measured perpendicularly from the central line.  The time gives the 
updated time (U.T. of March 23) of closest approach, when the 
occultation should occur, within an accuracy of about +/-0.2 minute, 
at the location.  You only need to monitor the star for an 
occultation within a five-minute period centered on the time of 
closest approach for your location (to check for occultations by 
possible satellites of Interamnia).  You can search for your city or 
name with a word processor to find your time and distance from the 
predicted central line.  If your station is not in the list, send me 
the coordinates of the place where you plan to observe (in the USA,
you can just specify an address or highway intersection) and I'll add 
that station for a later message.  Please let me know if you plan to 
monitor the star for an occultation, and I will send out a new version 
of this list with your track marked as occupied.  This will help for 
positioning mobile observers.  I will put items in the "C" (code) 
column, to indicate commitments to observe from fixed sites and 
weather probabilities, after I have heard from several of you. 
______________________________________________ 

NOTE:  The table needs to be displayed and/or printed with a fixed-
space font such as Courier for the columns to line up properly.  In the 
e-mail message, the lines are long enough that some (or many) of the 
lines will wrap; a .txt (plain ASCII text) version of this article 
is here.  Observers some distance from the path (in 
Japan) have a chance to see the occultation, and observers at least 
within the +/-1-sigma range (distance 204 km N. to 204 km S.) are 
strongly encouraged to attempt observation; observations to the +/-
2-sigma range (235 km N. to 235 km S.) could also be of value. Under 
C, * will be a committed fixed-site observer, V = * with video, and 
m = tentative location for mobile observer, and M = tentative 
location for mobile video observer.  Possible locations on Maui and 
Hawaii are included in the list, as well as observatories from a 
probably now outdated list.

Dist.     U.T. W.Long.  Lat.    h City/  State/  Observer or
 km   C h   m     o      o      m  Town  Country Observatory
 266N -- Northern limit with very unlikely 3-sigma north shift
 256N   9 42.6-141.132 39.135  61 A     Mizusawa, Japan Mizusawa Astrogeod
 235N -- Northern limit with unlikely but possible 2-sigma north shift
 212N   9 42.2-139.846 38.926   4 P O1S9SAKATA,YAMAGATA,JAP.CR/I.SATO         
 204N -- Northern limit with very possible 1-sigma north shift
 173N--10  2.0 155.000 21.446   0  *** Northern Limit
 168N   9 42.4-140.310 38.442  72 M  407              Kahoku [Okazaki]  
 160N   9 42.5-140.720 38.309 335 M  895              Hatamae [Sato]    
 159N   9 42.6-140.863 38.275  50 M  891              JCPM Kimachi Stati
 157N   9 42.6-140.866 38.256  25 M  893              Sendai Municipal O
 157N   9 42.6-140.865 38.257  45 A     Sendai, Japan Sendai Ast. Obs.  
 157N   9 42.6-140.843 38.257 153 A     Sendai, Japan Tohoku Univ. Obs. 
 156N   9 42.5-140.782 38.262 130 M  391              Sendai Observatory
 147N   9 42.6-140.913 38.155   5 P O138MASUDA,HONSHU, JAPAN/                 
 122N   9 42.4-140.159 38.045 253 M  358              Nanyou [Okuni]    
 111N   9 42.6-140.929 37.824  26 M  404              Yamamoto [Otomo]  
  81N  10  1.9 156.285 20.948   0 Opana Pt., Maui                             
  80N  10  1.8 156.591 21.034   0 Nakalele Pt., Maui                          
  71N  10  1.6 157.904 21.342   9 P H102HONOLULU, HAWAII MOK. MAL. OBSY.   
  61N  10  1.9 156.683 20.878   0 Lahaina, Maui                               
  59N  10  2.0 156.259 20.7103034 P H105HALEAKALA, HAWAII  LURE O./U.HAW.    
  58N  10  2.0 156.257 20.7073054 A     Kaeleku/Haleakala, HC.E.K. Mees Solar 
  46N  10  1.9 156.445 20.658   0 Makena, Maui                                
  24N  10  2.1 155.842 20.267   0 Hoea Camp         Hawaii Is. n. tip         
  21N  10  2.1 155.832 20.238   0 Breevort                                    
  12N   9 42.5-140.599 36.960 722 M  412            Iwaki [Tanaka]    
   0N  10  2.3 155.000 19.787   0 center 155 W      center 10:02:18UT         
   5S   9 41.5-137.137 37.335 183 M  417            Yanagida Astronomi
  10S   9 42.6-140.713 36.739  49 P O139TAKAHAGI, JAPAN     /                 
  11S  10  2.2 155.472 19.822   0 Mauna Kea         24-inch                   
  14S  10  2.2 155.885 19.917   0 Marriott Hotel    Lynn Palmer               
  22S   9 42.6-140.694 36.640  45 P O294HITATI,IBARAGI,JAPANH.TOMIOKA         
  23S   9 42.6-140.676 36.628  29 P O293HITATI,IBARAGI,JAPANH.TOMIOKA         
  28S  10  2.2 155.998 19.817   0 Four Seasons Hotel Paul Maley C8             
  30S   9 42.4-140.143 36.655 133 M  889            Karasuyama [Inoda]
  43S   9 42.6-140.597 36.461  22 P O135MURAMATU, JAPAN                       
  45S   9 42.3-139.873 36.556 159 M  390            Utsunomiya [Kurosa
  49S  10  2.2 155.983 19.617   0 Wayne Jr.         Maley remote              
  53S   9 42.6-140.625 36.367  27 A     Nakaminato, Japan Hiraiso Solar Terr
  56S   9 41.7-137.896 36.762 687 M  383            Chirorin [Sei]    
  59S  10  2.2 155.927 19.498   0 Wayne Sr.         Wayne Fukunaga Sr.        
  69S   9 42.5-140.295 36.271  32 P O130IWAMA, JAPAN   10CR+8CR/         
  75S   9 41.9-138.322 36.5201280 A    Toyokawa, Japan Nagoya Univ. Sugad
  75S   9 42.5-140.192 36.230  32 P O127KAKIOKA, JAPAN 
  77S  10  2.3 155.484 19.203 259 P H199PAHALA, HAWAII WM.B.ALBRECHT     
  77S   9 42.6-140.527 36.162  33 P O133SUWA-1, JAPAN                         
  79S  10  2.3 155.880 19.297   0 95 mile marker    Pritchard                 
  83S   9 42.2-139.329 36.297   0 M  405            Kamihoriguchi [Shi
  85S   9 42.4-140.070 36.164  30 P O125TAMIYAMA, JAPAN                       
  86S   9 42.2-139.417 36.251  39 M  411            Oizumi [Kobayashi]
  88S   9 42.2-139.337 36.245  84 M  887            Ojima [Niijima]   
  89S   9 42.5-140.257 36.098  25 P O128KAMIOTU, JAPAN                        
  90S  10  2.3 155.763 19.1521406 OceanView HI      Mike Morrow, WGS84        
  91S   9 41.4-136.932 36.586  70 P O2H1HUKUNO,HONSHU, JAPANTOKUNAGA          
  91S  10  2.3 155.762 19.148   0 South Point       Morrow et al.             
  91S   9 42.2-139.493 36.194   8 M  897            YGCO Chiyoda Stati
  92S   9 42.4-140.129 36.091   0 M  393            JCPM Sakura Statio
  92S   9 42.2-139.247 36.228  54 M  876            Honjo [Mitsuma]   
  97S   9 42.6-140.663 35.955  32 A  Kashima, Japan Kashima Space Rese
  98S   9 42.2-139.475 36.140  17 M  892            YGCO Hoshikawa
 102S   9 42.2-139.421 36.112   0 M  401            Oosato [Yamagishi]
 106S   9 42.1-139.108 36.125 193 M  398            Nagatoro [Kawasato
 106S   9 42.2-139.235 36.099 141 M  875            Yorii [Arai, Mori]
 108S   9 42.5-140.250 35.919 148 M  890            JCPM Tone Station 
 114S   9 41.9-138.526 36.141 782 M  862            Saku [Takamizawa] 
 117S   9 42.1-139.197 36.003 879 A   Tokyo, Japan  Dodaira Obs.      
 120S   9 42.1-139.150 35.989 279 M  369            Chichibu [Sato]   
 122S   9 41.5-137.308 36.2481276 A   Kamitakara, Japan   Hida Obs.         
 123S   9 41.5-137.180 36.261   0 M  863            Furukawa [Ohshita]
 126S   9 42.3-139.705 35.848   5 P O1KOKAWAGUTI,SAITAMA,JAPS.SATO            
 130S   9 42.5-140.194 35.731  15 P O189SAKURA, TIBA, JAPAN S.KANEKO          
 131S   9 42.4-140.027 35.750  30 P O122HUNABASI, JAPAN                       
 132S   9 41.6-137.555 36.1132876 A Matsumoto, Japan Norikura Solar Obs
 133S   9 42.6-140.481 35.657   6 P O132YOKOSIBA, JAPAN                       
 135S   9 42.4-139.915 35.732   0 P O2I1ITIKAWA,HONSHU,JAPANM.HASEGAWA        
 135S   9 42.5-140.241 35.677  35 P O137SAKURA, JAPAN                         
 135S   9 42.3-139.744 35.757  31 P O164SUNDAI GAKUEN, JAPAN(HIGH SCHOOL)     
 137S   9 41.9-138.483 35.9331350 A  Nobeyama, Japan  Nobeyama Cosmic 
 139S   9 42.3-139.671 35.734  50 P O2T1TOKYO, JAPAN  S.YOSIKAWA        
 139S   9 42.3-139.780 35.713  38 P O2TETOKYO, JAPAN  SCIENCE MUSEUM    
 140S   9 42.1-139.083 35.814 659 M  877              Okutama [Hioki]   
 141S   9 42.2-139.368 35.766 146 M  409              Mizuho [Hioki]    
 141S   9 42.2-139.304 35.770 154 P O282NISITAMA,TOKYO,JAPANK.YAMADA          
 141S   9 41.9-138.448 35.8991142 M  894              Kiyosato [Miyasaka
 142S   9 42.3-139.607 35.720  49 P O181KAMIIGUSA,TOKYO,JAP.N.TAKEISI,'75-    
 143S   9 42.2-139.314 35.758 148 P O286HAMURA,TOKYO,JAPAN  H.ONO             
 143S   9 42.4-139.823 35.677   3 P O292KOTO, TOKYO, JAPAN  H.SUZUKI          
 144S   9 42.3-139.487 35.716  82 G     TOKYO MZ JAPAN      YASUHARU SUZUKI   
 144S   9 42.3-139.675 35.684  40 P O289NAKANO, TOKYO, JAPANY.OGAWA           
 144S   9 42.2-139.419 35.725  96 P O284TATIKAWA,TOKYO,JAPANT.OTUKA           
 144S   9 41.9-138.322 35.8911106 M  386              Yatsugatake-Kobuch
 145S   9 41.9-138.368 35.8791039 M  896              Astro Village Obse
 145S   9 42.3-139.769 35.661   6 P O1TATOKYO, JAPAN  HYDROG. OBSY.     
 146S   9 42.0-138.812 35.8051455 M  368              Ochiai [Hioki]    
 146S   9 41.8-138.175 35.9001817 M  408              Nyukasa [Hirasawa,
 146S   9 42.3-139.745 35.655  25 P O2TATOKYO, JAPAN  TOKYO UNIV.OBSY   
 147S   9 42.3-139.743 35.655  25 P O2TDAZABU/TOKYO, JAPAN  /TOKYO AST.OBSY   
 148S   9 41.9-138.300 35.863 880 M  366              Miyasaka Observato
 148S   9 42.3-139.542 35.670  61 P O141MITAKA/TOKYO, JAPAN /K-DOME           
 151S   9 42.3-139.748 35.618   7 P O190SINAGAWA,TOKYO,JAPAN20CL/Y.KIMOTO     
 151S   9 42.3-139.648 35.633  40 P O290SETAGAYA,TOKYO,JAPANY.MORIYA          
 153S   9 42.5-140.155 35.534   7 P O126KIKUMA, JAPAN                         
 153S   9 42.2-139.361 35.658 117 P O151HATIOZI, JAPAN                        
 154S   9 42.3-139.730 35.594  15 P O1A1TOKYO, JAPAN/1935   /KIYOO OGAWA      
 154S   9 42.3-139.701 35.592  30 P O1I1OMORI/TOK.,JAPAN/'35/Y.KOMORI-HOME    
 155S   9 42.1-139.039 35.690 749 M  376              Uenohara [Kawasato
 155S   9 42.3-139.738 35.579   2 P O2T9OTA, TOKYO, JAPAN   T.SATO            
 155S   9 42.3-139.647 35.593  10 P O285KAWASAKI,KANAGAWA,J.K.OTUMA           
 155S   9 42.5-140.095 35.517   2 P O1G3GOI, HONSHU, JAPAN  K.TOMITA          
 157S   9 42.3-139.692 35.567  11 P O291SIMO-MARUKO,TOKYO,J.+7CR/T.HIROSE     
 158S   9 42.5-140.390 35.446   3 P O131SIRAKATA, JAPAN     /                 
 158S   9 42.3-139.672 35.560   5 P O1KDKAWASAKI,HON., JAPAN K.HARADA          
 161S   9 42.4-140.053 35.477   5 P O124ANEGASAKI, JAPAN                      
 166S   9 42.3-139.641 35.495  45 P O283YOKOHAMA,KANAG.,JAPAN T.HONDA           
 166S   9 42.0-138.610 35.652 261 P O288KOHU,YAMANSKI,JAPAN T.EIZYU           
 167S   9 41.7-137.628 35.7931130 A     Kiso, Japan         Kiso Obs.         
 169S   9 42.4-140.036 35.403  13 P O123HIRAOKA, JAPAN                        
 171S   9 42.4-139.968 35.392  15 P O120NAKAGO-1, JAPAN                       
 173S--10  2.6 155.000 18.150   0 *** Southern Limit
 178S   9 42.5-140.255 35.291  33 P O140ODAKI, JAPAN        /                 
 179S   9 42.4-139.923 35.331  30 P O119KIMUTU, JAPAN                         
 183S   9 42.3-139.630 35.346   5 P O166NISISIBA,YOKO.,JAPANH.TOKUI           
 187S   9 42.5-140.278 35.198  62 P O129HUSANO, JAPAN                         
 191S   9 42.0-138.612 35.4271015 A Kamiku Isshiki, JapaNagoya Univ. Fujig
 204S -- Southern limit with very possible 1-sigma south shift
 214S   9 42.1-138.937 35.171  78 M  886   Mishima [Akiyama] 
 218S   9 42.1-138.995 35.125 320 M  888   Gekko [Oshima]    
 219S   9 41.5-137.056 35.413 141 M  403   Kani [Mizuno]     
 226S   9 41.4-136.753 35.395  10 P O1G1GIFU, HONSHU, JAPAN K.TOMITA          
 226S   9 41.5-137.088 35.343 140 M  901   Tajimi            
 232S   9 41.8-138.079 35.141 382 M  884   Kawane [Iwahana]  
 235S -- Southern limit with unlikely but possible 2-sigma south shift
 240S   9 41.9-138.422 35.020  22 M  883   Shizuoka          
 241S   9 41.6-137.356 35.169 428 M  882   JCPM Oi Station   
 244S   9 42.0-138.468 34.970 304 M  385   Nihondaira Observa
 246S   9 42.0-138.467 34.957  22 M  885   JCPM Yakiimo Stati
 246S   9 41.6-137.257 35.135 119 M  881   Toyota [Suzuki]   
 254S   9 41.3-136.308 35.208   0 M  402bs Dynic Astronomical
 255S   9 41.6-137.353 35.041 431 M  879   Tokai [Furuta]    
 257S   9 41.9-138.188 34.902 280 M  898   Fujieda [Shiozawa]
 263S   9 41.2-136.093 35.154 100 P O1S2SIGA, HONSHU, JAPAN /                 
 264S   9 42.1-138.988 34.713 172 A     Sirahama, Japan     Sirahama Hydrograp
 266S   9 41.9-138.179 34.818 285 M  384   Shimada           
 266S -- Southern limit with very unlikely 3-sigma south shift
 268S   9 41.9-138.145 34.810 177 P O112KANAYA, JAPAN       11CR+6CR/KUNEB.   
 268S   9 41.5-136.914 34.987  63 M  878                    Kagiya [Furuta]   

David Dunham, 2003 March 18, 1h UT
Office e-mail david.dunham@jhuapl.edu  phone 240-228-5609
Home e-mail dunham@erols.com  phone 301-474-4722; cell phone 301-526-5590